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Introduction to Pitjantjatjara And Yankunytjajara:
Lesson 1

By CarlKenner

This lesson is copyright! You MAY NOT use it for missionary purposes!!! Aborigines had their own religions already and have no need of Christianity. Missionaries have caused massive suffering to Aborigines.

Warning! I'm not very good at Pitjantjatjara, so I might not have got everything completely right. Use this with caution!

Pitjantjatjara is a dialect of Western Desert Language, which is spoken by a few thousand Aboriginal Australians in the area around Uluru (Ayers Rock).

Pitjantjatjara looks like a mouthful, but it's really two words... "Pitjanytja" and tjara. tj is how the Germans who invented the writing system decided to write the ch sound, because it does sound a bit like a t followed by a j. a sounds like the ar in far.

(For those who noticed, Pitjantjatjara is traditionally spelled with n instead of ny, even though it is made from the word pitjanytja which has ny. Probably because English speakers always used to spell it wrong, and the spelling stuck).

tjara (pronounced sort of like chara) means having or with

As you can see from "Pitjantjatjara", tjara goes after the thing that you have.

kapati means cup of tea

with a cup of tea

Answer: kapati tjara
Not correct. Please try again.

Pitjanytja-tjara means having the word "pitjanytja". The dialect is called that, because other dialects of Western Desert Language (such as Yankunytjatjara) don't have the word "pitjanytja", but this dialect does.

pitjanytja means coming, unless you use it with "away" in which case it means going.
Pitjanytja and all other verbs ending with -tja, are the noun form of a verb. They are used to say coming is good, but they can never be used to say I am coming. That's because -tja is an ending that means thing.

good is palya. He's good because he's my pal, yeah. palya

There's no word for is in Pitjantjatjara. You just leave out the "is". There's also no word for a or the.

A cup of tea is good.

Answer: Kapati palya.
Not correct. Please try again.

Pitjantjatjara is good.

Answer: Pitjantjatjara palya.
Not correct. Please try again.

Coming is good.

Answer: Pitjanytja palya.
Not correct. Please try again.

Like Japanese, Pitjantjatjara verbs usually come at the end of a sentence. So coming with a cup of tea becomes with a cup of tea coming.

Coming with a cup of tea is good.

Answer: Kapati tjara pitjanytja palya.
Not correct. Please try again.

Very true.

You can make any sentence a question just by using inflection.

Is the cup of tea good?

Answer: Kapati palya?
Not correct. Please try again.

Yes is uwa.

Yes, good.

Answer: Uwa, palya.
Not correct. Please try again.

The word for away is ma, but it's pronounced maa.

Remembering that verbs come AFTER other things, how would you say going away.

going away

Answer: ma pitjanytja
Not correct. Please try again.

Guess what word the Yankunytjatjara dialect has instead of "pitjanytja"?

word the Yankunytjatjara dialect has instead of "pitjanytja"

Answer: yankunytja
Not correct. Please try again.

Yankunytja means going.

So how would you say "going away" to a Yankunytjatjara speaker?

going away

Answer: ma yankunytja
Not correct. Please try again.

Yankunytjatjara doesn't have the word "Pitjanytja".

Another difference about the Pitjantjatjara dialect, is that words that begin with Y in other dialects lose their Y in Pitjantjatjara. Pitjanytjatjara DOES have the word "yankunytja", but without the Y. Ankunytja still means "going" in Pitjanytjatjara, but you can't use it with words like "ma".

There are one or two other differences between those two dialects, but mostly they are exactly the same.

Unless I ask you otherwise, questions in these lessons use the Pitjantjatjara dialect, (since I am most familiar with it).

The root of pitjanytja is pitja-. The -nytja changes it to a noun, and shows that it belongs to the zero-verb group. If it was in the la-verb group, it would use the -ntja instead.

To make a zero-group verb like pitja- into a command, you just drop all the endings and use the root. It's called a zero-group verb because the command form has zero endings. Yay.

Come!

Answer: Pitja!
Not correct. Please try again.

Go away!

Answer: Ma pitja!
Not correct. Please try again.

Come with a cup of tea!

Answer: kapati tjara pitja!
Not correct. Please try again.

Unfortunately, Ankunytja/yankunytja is not in the zero-group.

But a useful verb that is in the zero-group is wangka-.

wangka- means talk or speak. If you talk too much people will think you are a wanker.

Talk!

Answer: Wangka!
Not correct. Please try again.

Speak pitjanytjatjara!

Answer: Pitjanytjatjara wangka!
Not correct. Please try again.

speaking

Answer: wangkanytja
Not correct. Please try again.

Speaking pitjanytjajara is good.

Answer: Pitjanytjatjara wangkanytja palya.
Not correct. Please try again.

The Pitjanytjatjara word for you is similar to English. It starts with the word "you", then it sticks an N on the front to make "nyou". Then you add "-ntu" on the end to get "nyuntu".

You are good.

Answer: Nyuntu palya.
Not correct. Please try again.

Are you good?

Answer: Nyuntu palya?
Not correct. Please try again.

"Are you good?" is the Pitjanytjatjara greeting meaning "How are you?".

If you think nyuntu is too long, then you are lucky... There is a very short abbreviation for nyuntu... just -n. Can't get much shorter than that. Get rid of the nyuntu, then the abbreviation attaches to the end of the first word in the sentence.

Are you good? (short version)

Answer: Palyan?
Not correct. Please try again.

Do you remember how to say "yes, good"?

Yes, good.

Answer: Uwa, palya.
Not correct. Please try again.