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Introduction to Italian:
Lesson 4

By Linas

Italians hate it when you bring this up but what a lot of people associate with Italy is the mafia. Mafia is, of course, mafia in Italian and one of the most famous of them is Cosa Nostra which is actually a U.S. criminal organization. Cosa Nostra means our affair or our thing thus:

Cosa is thing in Italian.

I really like this word. When Italians want to ask what, they would say what thing which would be:

What?

Answer: Che cosa?
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In speech, however, you would often skip che for what and just say cosa to mean what. Knowing this, you can put it to use and ask:

What do you learn?

Answer: Cosa impari?
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What do you speak?

Answer: Cosa parli?
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Let’s learn an easy word:

Italian for to study is studiare.

It works just like all the other -are words do. Remember that -i for you and ask:

What do you study?

Answer: Cosa studi?
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You could answer that in many ways. Guess how you would say:

I study French.

Answer: Studio francese.
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Italian for to work is lavorare.

Think of labour to remember this word.

Ask:

What do you work?

Answer: Cosa lavori?
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Answer, for example:

I don’t work.

Answer: Non lavoro.
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Italian for nothing is niente.

There is such a word in English as well but it’s used in music.

If you want to say I study nothing you say I not study nothing in Italian because Italian has double negation like a lot of languages in the world. Say:

I study nothing.

Answer: Non studo niente.
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This, of course, means I don’t study anything. How would one say:

I don’t work anything.

Answer: Non lavoro niente.
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Italian for I understand is capisco.

Say:

I don’t understand anything.

Answer: Non capisco niente.
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There is another cool word:

Italian for everything is tutto.

You might remember ice cream tutti frutti which means all fruits. The English word total comes from a related root. How would you say:

I understand everything.

Answer: Capisco tutto.
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You understand, you say capici.

Say:

What do you understand?

Answer: Cosa capici?
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Why don’t you understand everything?

Answer: Perché non capici tutto?
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