Introduction to Turkish:
Lesson 5

By boracasli

Possessives

If the last letter of the word is p, you change it into b.
If the last letter of the word is ç, you change it into c.
If the last letter of the word is t, you change it into d.
If the last letter of the word is k, you change it into g.
In some words, you remove the last vowel of the word.

my (benim) -m = if the word ends in a vowel -ım = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is a or ı -im = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is e or i -um = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is o or u -üm = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is ö or ü

your (singular) (senin) -n = if the word ends in a vowel -ın = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is a or ı -in = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is e or i -un = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is o or u -ün = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is ö or ü

his/her/its (onun) = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is a or ı -i = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is e or i -u = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is o or u = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is ö or ü -sı = if the word ends in a or ı -si = if the word ends in e or i -su = if the word ends in o or u -sü = if the word ends in ö or ü

our (bizim) -mız = if the word ends in a vowel -ımız = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is a or ı -imiz = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is e or i -umuz = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is o or u -ümüz = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is ö or ü

your (plural/polite) (sizin) -nız = if the word ends in a vowel -ınız = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is a or ı -iniz = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is e or i -unuz = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is o or u -ünüz = if the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is ö or ü

their (onların) -ları = if their refers to people, the word’s last vowel is a, ı, o or u -leri = if their refers to people, the word’s last vowel is e, i, ö or ü = if their doesn’t refer to people, the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is a or ı -i = if their doesn’t refer to people, the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is e or i -u = if their doesn’t refer to people, the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is o or u = if their doesn’t refer to people, the word ends in a consonant and the last vowel is ö or ü -sı = if their doesn’t refer to people and the word ends in a or ı -si = if their doesn’t refer to people and the word ends in e or i -su = if their doesn’t refer to people and the word ends in o or u -sü = if their doesn’t refer to people and the word ends in ö or ü
Some words of Arabic origin require the suffix -leri to be added.
If "their" refers to animals, plants or inanimate things, please look at

The word for pepper is biber.
The word for tree is ağaç.
The word for rubber is silgi.
The word for paper is kağıt.

Let’s try the word biber (pepper) (using the possessive pronouns).

my pepper

Answer: benim biberim
Not correct. Please try again.

your (sg) pepper

Answer: senin biberin
Not correct. Please try again.

his/her/its pepper

Answer: onun biberi
Not correct. Please try again.

our pepper

Answer: bizim biberimiz
Not correct. Please try again.

your (pol/pl) pepper

Answer: sizin biberiniz
Not correct. Please try again.

their (people) pepper

Answer: onların biberleri
Not correct. Please try again.

their (non-people) pepper

Answer: onların biberi
Not correct. Please try again.

And now, let’s try the word ağaç (tree).

my tree

Answer: benim ağacım
Not correct. Please try again.

your (sg) tree

Answer: senin ağacın
Not correct. Please try again.

his/her/its tree

Answer: onun ağacı
Not correct. Please try again.

our tree

Answer: bizim ağacımız
Not correct. Please try again.

you (pol/pl) tree

Answer: sizin ağacınız
Not correct. Please try again.

their (people) tree

Answer: onların ağaçları
Not correct. Please try again.

their (non-people) tree

Answer: onların ağacı
Not correct. Please try again.