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Introduction to Lithuanian: 15

You now know the ultimate rule and you can talk about speaking or understanding. However, it is important that the words we had been talking about have been words ending in a (kalba, supranta in the he/she form).

This is not the only possible ending, though:

Lithuanian for he can is jis gali.

That word could mean he can, he may or he is able to.

As you see, this word gali ends in i and not in a! Let’s learn another i word so that we have some company:

Lithuanian for she has is ji turi.

Think she has a turtle to remember this highly useful word. Not only does it mean has (as in she has a turtle) but it could also mean has to (as in she has to walk her dog).

These i-ending words have a lot of advantages.

For example, all i-ending words are good in a way that in order to have their infinitive form (that is, the to form of the verb) you only have to change i to ėti.

So, you change the last letter (which happens to be i) to ėti to make them to infinitives.

Let's also learn that:

The word for wants (as in: she wants) is nori.

Try this out now:

  1. The "i" changes to "ėti".
  2. "She is able" is the same as "she can". To want is "norėti".
  3. Have in mind that "have to" is "turi", and "to speak" is "kalbėti".
  4. Have in mind. again, that "has to" is "turi", and "to speak" is "kalbėti".
  5. Except for the question mark, it is the same as last sentence. After all, "May" is the same as "can", and word order does not change in questions in Lithuanian.
  6. Remember that "to have to" is the same as "to have" - "turėti".
  7. Mind the fact you write "ne" together with the verb, and not as separate words.
  8. Mind the fact you write "ne" together with the verb, and not as separate words.
  9. "No" is the same word as "not".
  10. Better to "keep" tai in the middle.
  11. "I understand" is "suprantu".
  12. Remember that "tai" normally comes in the middle of the two verbs.
  13. "Must" is the same as "have to" (which is also the same as "have") in Lithuanian.
  14. Remember to change "tai" to "to", and keep it in the middle. Also remember that "ne" is joined together with the verb as one word.
  15. Again, remember to change "tai" to "to", and keep it in the middle. Also remember that "ne" is joined together with the verb as one word.
  16. Keep "ne" joined with the verb.
  17. "To speak" was "kalbėti".
  18. Keep "ne" together with the verb, and think whether the word in the middle is "tai" or "to" in this case.
  19. Remember how "norėti" treats "tai".
  20. Remember that "tai" is normally between the first and the second verb.
  21. "Want to" is one word in Lithuanian. "To speak" is "kalbėti".
  22. It should be split into "I have to" + "it" + "not to have". Then "have to" is one word, and so is "not to have". Also remember the rule about "tai" changing to "to".
  23. You say questions as statements, except raising your intonation.
  24. Remember the word "studijuoja" and work out its "tu" form through following the ultimate rule.
  25. The order is as follows: "what you there study?"
  26. The order is "what you have?"
  27. "To have" is "turėti".
  28. Remember that "ten" is usually in the middle.
  29. The order in this sentence would be "what you there work?"
  30. "And" is "ir", right?
  31. "Where" is "kur", and you just ask "where bank?"
  32. Simply "there". Not extremely polite, but good enough.
  33. Literally this would be: "hi. where park? there?"
  34. The word for "not" is "ne". While "ne" does join verbs (becoming "neturėti"), it does NOT join nouns, thus you will be saying literally "it not park".
  35. The word order in this one is "from where you?"
  36. Remember to change the ending of "Amerika".
  37. Remember the words "dirba" and "studijuoja", and work out their "tu" form through following the ultimate rule. Also, no need to repeat the "tu".
  38. You remember that "and" is "ir", right?
  39. It's "daktaras" (some vowel change)!
  40. Remember that "I have to" is "turiu".
  41. Still remember the word "dirba"? Also remember that "ne" goes together with verbs.
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